/***********************************************
 *  AEMJ Modern Optimized Stylesheet
 *  Project: Advanced Electromagnetics Journal
 *  Version: 2025.10 Optimized Edition
 *  Author: ChatGPT Optimization (Requested by Prof. Said Zouhdi)
 *  Optimization: redundant rules merged, formatting unified,
 *  no visual or behavioral changes applied.
 *  Date: October 5, 2025
 ***********************************************/

/**********************************
    AEMJ Modern Stylesheet
    Updated: 2024 | NMP Publishing
**********************************/

:root {
    /* Color System */
    --primary-blue: #094d7e;

    --dark-blue: #011a38;

    --deep-blue: #001937;

    --accent-orange: #EE9313;

    --light-cream: #FFE0D0;

    --light-gray: #f8f9fa;

    --medium-gray: #6c757d;

    --dark-gray: #343a40;

    --white: #ffffff;

    --border-color: #e9ecef;

    
    /* Shadows */
    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);

    --shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);

    --shadow-lg: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);

    --shadow-xl: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 10px 10px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);

    
    /* Border Radius */
    --border-radius-sm: 4px;

    --border-radius: 8px;

    --border-radius-lg: 12px;

    
    /* Transitions */
    --transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);

    --transition-fast: all 0.15s ease-in-out;

    
    /* Spacing */
    --space-xs: 8px;

    --space-sm: 16px;

    --space-md: 24px;

    --space-lg: 32px;

    --space-xl: 48px;

}


/* Reset and Base Styles */
* {
    box-sizing: border-box;

    margin: 0;

    padding: 0;

}


body {
    overflow-x: hidden;

    font-family: 'Inter', 'Source Sans Pro', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;

    line-height: 1.6;

    color: var(--dark-gray);

    background: var(--white);

    position: relative;

    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;

    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;

}


body::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    left: 0;

    right: 0;

    height: 280px;

    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--light-cream) 0%, #fff5ee 100%);

    z-index: -1;

    clip-path: polygon(0 0, 100% 0, 100% 85%, 0 100%);

}


/* Typography Scale */
p, li, ul, button, input, select, textarea {
    font-family: 'Inter', 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif;

    font-size: 15px;

    color: var(--medium-gray) !important;

    line-height: 1.7;

}


h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-family: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', 'Raleway', sans-serif;

    font-weight: 700;

    color: var(--dark-blue);

    line-height: 1.3;

    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);

}


h1 { font-size: 2.5rem;
 }

h2 { font-size: 2rem;
 }

h3 { font-size: 1.75rem;
 }

h4 { font-size: 1.5rem;
 }

h5 { font-size: 1.25rem;
 }

h6 { font-size: 1.125rem;
 }


/* Links */
a {
    color: var(--primary-blue);

    text-decoration: none;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


a:hover,
a:focus {
    color: var(--dark-blue);

    text-decoration: none;

}


a:focus,
input:focus,
button:focus,
select:focus {
    outline: 2px solid var(--accent-orange);

    outline-offset: 2px;

}


/* Layout Containers */
.container {
    max-width: 1280px;

    margin: 0 auto;

    padding: 0 var(--space-sm);

}


.container .container {
    width: 100% !important;

    padding: 0;

}


.pkp_structure_page {
    background: var(--white);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);

    margin: var(--space-xl) auto;

    position: relative;

    overflow: hidden;

    padding: 0 !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main {
    float: right;

}


/* Header & Navigation */
#headerNavigationContainer {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue) 0%, var(--dark-blue) 100%);

    border: none !important;

    padding: 0;

    position: relative;

    margin-bottom: 0 !important;

    border-radius: 0 !important;

}


#headerNavigationContainer::after {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    bottom: 0;

    left: 0;

    right: 0;

    height: 3px;

    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-orange), #ff6b35);

}


.navbar-brand {
    height: 80px !important;

    margin: var(--space-sm) 0 !important;

    padding: 0 !important;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.navbar-brand:hover {
    transform: translateY(-1px);

}


/* Main Navigation */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li > a {
    background: transparent !important;

    margin: 0 var(--space-xs);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    padding: 12px 20px !important;

    text-transform: uppercase;

    font-size: 13px;

    font-weight: 600;

    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95) !important;

    font-family: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', sans-serif;

    letter-spacing: 0.5px;

    transition: var(--transition);

    position: relative;

}


.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a .fa,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li > a .fa {
    font-size: 14px;

    margin: 0 8px 0 0;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:focus,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li > a:hover,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li > a:focus {
    color: var(--white) !important;

    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) !important;

    transform: translateY(-1px);

}


.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:hover .fa,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li > a:hover .fa {
    transform: scale(1.1);

}


.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a::after,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li > a::after {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    bottom: 8px;

    left: 50%;

    width: 0;

    height: 2px;

    background: var(--accent-orange);

    transition: var(--transition);

    transform: translateX(-50%);

}


.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:hover::after,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li > a:hover::after {
    width: 60%;

}


/* Dropdown Menus */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li ul,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li ul {
    background: var(--white) !important;

    border: none;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);

    padding: 8px 0;

    margin-top: 8px;

    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);

}


.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li ul li a,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li ul li a {
    color: var(--dark-gray) !important;

    font-size: 13px !important;

    font-weight: 500;

    padding: 10px 20px;

    transition: var(--transition);

    text-transform: none;

    letter-spacing: normal;

    margin: 0;

}


.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li ul li a .fa,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li ul li a .fa {
    font-size: 11px;

    position: relative;

    left: -2px;

    margin: 0 8px 0 0;

    color: var(--medium-gray);

}


.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li ul li a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li ul li a:focus,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li ul li a:hover,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li ul li a:focus {
    background: var(--light-gray);

    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    transform: translateX(8px);

}


/* Hover Navigation Enhancement */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li.dropdown:hover > a,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li.dropdown:hover > a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li.dropdown:hover > a:focus,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li.dropdown:hover > a,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li.dropdown:hover > a:hover,
.header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li.dropdown:hover > a:focus {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

}


li.dropdown:hover > .dropdown-menu {
    display: block;

    animation: fadeInDown 0.3s ease-in-out;

}


@keyframes fadeInDown {
    from {
        opacity: 0;

        transform: translateY(-10px);

    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;

        transform: translateY(0);

    }

}


/* Search Bar */
.searchbar {
    margin: 28px auto 0 !important;

}


.searchbar form {
    display: flex;

    gap: var(--space-xs);

    justify-content: flex-end;

    width: 100%;

    text-align: right;

}


.searchbar input[type="text"] {
    width: 280px !important;

    height: 44px !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    border: 2px solid transparent !important;

    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);

    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

    color: var(--white);

    padding: 0 16px;

    transition: var(--transition);

    font-size: 14px;

    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

}


.searchbar input[type="text"]::placeholder {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);

}


.searchbar input[type="text"]:focus {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);

    border-color: var(--accent-orange) !important;

    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.1);

    transform: translateY(-1px);

}


.searchbar .btn-default {
    background: var(--accent-orange) !important;

    border: none !important;

    height: 44px !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius) !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    font-weight: 600;

    font-size: 13px;

    padding: 0 20px;

    transition: var(--transition);

    text-transform: uppercase;

    letter-spacing: 0.5px;

}


.searchbar .btn-default:hover {
    background: #d98212 !important;

    transform: translateY(-2px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

}


.searchbar p {
    display: inline-block;

    width: 100%;

    text-align: right;

    padding: 0 15px 0 0;

    margin: var(--space-xs) 0 0 0;

}


.searchbar p a {
    text-transform: capitalize;

    font-size: 14px;

    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7) !important;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.searchbar p a:hover,
.searchbar p a:focus {
    color: var(--white) !important;

    background: transparent !important;

    text-decoration: none !important;

    transform: translateY(-1px);

}


/* Top Bar */
.top-bar {
    background: var(--deep-blue) !important;

    padding: var(--space-xs) 0;

    font-size: 14px;

}


.top-bar-contact {
    border-left: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);

}


.top-bar-contact a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7) !important;

    font-weight: 500;

    transition: var(--transition);

    text-decoration: none;

}


.top-bar-contact a:hover,
.top-bar-contact a:focus {
    color: var(--white) !important;

    transform: translateY(-1px);

}


.top-bar-contact a .fa {
    position: relative;

    display: inline-block;

    margin: 0 5px 0 0;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.top-bar-contact a:hover .fa {
    transform: scale(1.1);

}


.top-bar-left {
    float: left !important;

    margin: 0 !important;

    height: 40px !important;

    line-height: 40px;

    list-style: none !important;

    padding: 0 0 0 20px !important;

}


.top-bar-left li {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7) !important;

    border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);

    font-weight: 600;

    padding: 0 15px 0 0;

    font-size: 14px;

}


/* Social Box */
.social-box {
    line-height: 1;

}


.social-box ul {
    padding: 0 !important;

    margin: 0 !important;

    display: flex;

    gap: var(--space-xs);

    justify-content: flex-end;

}


.social-box ul li {
    list-style: none !important;

    float: none;

}


.social-box ul li a {
    margin: 0;

    display: flex !important;

    align-items: center;

    padding: 8px 16px;

    height: 36px;

    text-transform: capitalize;

    font-size: 12px;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    font-weight: 600;

    text-decoration: none;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.social-box ul li a:hover,
.social-box ul li a:focus {
    transform: translateY(-2px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

}


.social-box ul li:nth-child(1) a {
    background: #EE9313 !important;

}


.social-box ul li:nth-child(1) a:hover,
.social-box ul li:nth-child(1) a:focus {
    background: #d98212 !important;

}


.social-box ul li:nth-child(2) a {
    background: #00ABF0 !important;

}


.social-box ul li:nth-child(2) a:hover,
.social-box ul li:nth-child(2) a:focus {
    background: #0099d8 !important;

}


.social-box ul li:nth-child(3) a {
    background: #4867AA !important;

}


.social-box ul li:nth-child(3) a:hover,
.social-box ul li:nth-child(3) a:focus {
    background: #3b5998 !important;

}


.social-box ul li a .fa {
    font-size: 14px;

    position: relative;

    top: 0;

    left: 0;

    margin: 0 8px 0 0;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.social-box ul li a:hover .fa {
    transform: scale(1.1);

}


/* Breadcrumbs */
.breadcrumbs-box {
    padding: var(--space-sm) 0 !important;

    background: var(--light-gray) !important;

    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);

    margin: 0 auto var(--space-lg) !important;

    display: inline-block;

    width: 100%;

}


.breadcrumbs-box .breadcrumb {
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;

    background: transparent;

    padding: 0;

}


.breadcrumbs-box a {
    background: transparent !important;

    text-decoration: none !important;

    color: var(--medium-gray) !important;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.breadcrumbs-box a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    transform: translateX(2px);

}


/* Widgets & Sidebar */
.widget-title,
.blockTitle {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue) 0%, var(--dark-blue) 100%) !important;

    color: var(--white);

    font-size: 14px;

    padding: 16px 20px;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    position: relative;

    text-transform: uppercase;

    font-weight: 700;

    margin: 0 auto var(--space-md);

    letter-spacing: 0.5px;

    width: 100% !important;

    display: inline-block;

    border: none;

    overflow: hidden;

}


.widget-title::before,
.blockTitle::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    left: 0;

    right: 0;

    height: 3px;

    background: var(--accent-orange);

}


.widget-title:after, .widget-title:before,
.blockTitle:after, .blockTitle:before {
    display: none;

}


/* Sidebar Panels */
.magic-sidebar .panel {
    border: none !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

    margin: 0 auto var(--space-sm);

    transition: var(--transition);

    background: var(--white);

}


.magic-sidebar .panel:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-heading {
    background: none !important;

    border: none !important;

    border-radius: 0 !important;

    padding: 0 !important;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a {
    background: var(--light-gray);

    font-size: 13px;

    text-transform: uppercase;

    font-weight: 700;

    color: var(--dark-gray);

    display: inline-block !important;

    width: 100%;

    padding: 16px 20px;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    text-decoration: none !important;

    letter-spacing: 0.5px;

    transition: var(--transition);

    border: none;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a .fa {
    font-size: 13px;

    margin: 0 10px 0 0;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a:hover,
.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a:focus {
    background: var(--primary-blue);

    color: var(--white);

    transform: translateY(-1px);

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a:hover .fa {
    transform: scale(1.1);

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body {
    border: none !important;

    padding: 20px;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul {
    padding: 0;

    list-style: none;

    margin: 0;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a {
    color: var(--primary-blue);

    display: inline-block;

    position: relative;

    margin: 0 auto 8px;

    text-decoration: none;

    text-transform: capitalize;

    font-weight: 600;

    padding: 8px 15px 8px 12px;

    transition: var(--transition);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm);

    width: 100%;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a .fa {
    color: var(--medium-gray);

    font-size: 11px;

    position: relative;

    left: 0;

    margin: 0 10px 0 0;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:hover,
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:focus {
    background: var(--light-gray);

    color: var(--dark-blue);

    transform: translateX(8px);

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:hover .fa {
    color: var(--accent-orange);

    transform: scale(1.1);

}


/* Custom Blocks */
.block_custom {
    border: none !important;

    box-shadow: none !important;

    background: transparent;

}


.accordion-container {
    display: inline-block;

    width: 100%;

}


/* Submission Button */
.block_make_submission_link {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-orange) 0%, #ff6b35 100%) !important;

    display: inline-block !important;

    width: 100% !important;

    text-transform: uppercase !important;

    font-weight: 700 !important;

    font-size: 14px !important;

    font-family: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', sans-serif !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    border: none !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius) !important;

    text-decoration: none !important;

    padding: 16px 24px;

    text-align: center;

    transition: var(--transition);

    letter-spacing: 0.5px;

}


.block_make_submission_link:hover,
.block_make_submission_link:focus {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #d98212 0%, #e55a2a 100%) !important;

    transform: translateY(-2px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

}


.pkp_structure_page .block_make_submission,
.pkp_structure_page .block_make_submission .content {
    box-shadow: none !important;

    border: none !important;

    background: transparent;

}


/* Homepage Intro */
.pkp_page_index .breadcrumbs-box {
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;

}


.home-intro-box {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fff5ee 0%, var(--light-cream) 100%);

    margin: 0 auto var(--space-lg);

    position: relative;

    top: -5px;

    border-bottom: none;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    padding: var(--space-xl);

    overflow: hidden;

}


.home-intro-box::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    right: 0;

    width: 200px;

    height: 200px;

    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.1) 0%, transparent 70%);

}


.home-intro-box h2 {
    font-size: 24px;

    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue) 0%, var(--dark-blue) 100%);

    color: var(--white);

    padding: 20px;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    font-weight: 800;

    margin: 20px auto;

    position: relative;

    border: none;

}


.home-intro-box p {
    text-align: justify;

    color: var(--dark-gray) !important;

    font-size: 15px;

    line-height: 1.7;

}


.home-intro-text .read-more-button {
    background: var(--dark-gray);

    color: var(--white);

    display: inline-block;

    padding: 12px 24px;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    margin: 10px auto 30px;

    text-decoration: none;

    font-weight: 600;

    transition: var(--transition);

    text-transform: uppercase;

    font-size: 13px;

    letter-spacing: 0.5px;

}


.home-intro-text .read-more-button:hover,
.home-intro-text .read-more-button:focus {
    background: var(--dark-blue);

    transform: translateY(-2px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

}


/* Homepage Tabs */
#homeTabs {
    padding-bottom: var(--space-sm);

    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);

    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);

}


#homeTabs li a {
    border: none !important;

    background: var(--light-gray);

    padding: 16px 32px;

    margin-right: var(--space-xs);

    transition: var(--transition);

    text-transform: uppercase;

    font-size: 13px;

    font-weight: 700;

    letter-spacing: 0.5px;

    font-family: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', sans-serif !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    color: var(--medium-gray);

    text-decoration: none;

}


#homeTabs li a:hover {
    background: var(--primary-blue);

    color: var(--white);

    transform: translateY(-2px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

}


#homeTabs .active a {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue) 0%, var(--dark-blue) 100%);

    color: var(--white);

    transform: translateY(-1px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

}


/* Home Tabs Content */
.hometabscontainer {
    display: inline-block;

    width: 100%;

    padding: var(--space-lg);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    background: var(--white);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);

}


.hometabscontainer .current_issue_title {
    text-align: center;

    margin: 10px auto 0;

    background: var(--light-gray);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    padding: var(--space-sm);

}


.hometabscontainer .published {
    text-align: center;

    margin: 0 auto;

    color: var(--primary-blue);

    font-weight: 600;

    font-size: 14px;

}


.hometabscontainer .page-header {
    border: none !important;

    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);

    padding: 0;

}


.hometabscontainer .page-header h2 {
    background: var(--light-gray);

    text-transform: uppercase;

    font-size: 26px;

    display: inline-block;

    padding: 20px;

    position: relative;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    margin: 0;

}


.hometabscontainer .page-header h2:after,
.hometabscontainer .page-header h2:before {
    display: none;

}


.hometabscontainer .page-header h2 small {
    font-weight: 600;

    margin-top: 13px;

    color: var(--medium-gray);

}


.hometabscontainer .media-heading a {
    text-decoration: none !important;

    color: var(--dark-blue);

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.hometabscontainer .media-heading a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-blue);

    transform: translateX(4px);

}


.hometabscontainer .article-summary {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);

    padding-bottom: var(--space-lg);

    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.hometabscontainer .article-summary:hover {
    background: var(--light-gray);

    margin: 0 calc(-1 * var(--space-sm)) var(--space-lg);

    padding: var(--space-lg);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    transform: translateY(-2px);

}


.hometabscontainer .article-summary:last-child {
    border-bottom: none !important;

    margin-bottom: 0;

}


.hometabscontainer .authors {
    color: var(--primary-blue);

    font-weight: 600;

    font-size: 14px;

}


/* Past Issues */
#homeTabsContent #pastissues ul {
    padding: 25px 0 0 5px;

    list-style: none;

    display: flex;

    flex-wrap: wrap;

    gap: var(--space-xs);

    margin: 0;

}


#homeTabsContent #pastissues ul li {
    display: inline-block;

    float: none;

}


#homeTabsContent #pastissues ul li a {
    background: var(--light-gray);

    color: var(--medium-gray);

    text-transform: capitalize;

    padding: 10px 20px;

    font-weight: 600;

    display: inline-block;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    text-decoration: none;

    font-size: 13px;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


#homeTabsContent #pastissues ul li a:hover,
#homeTabsContent #pastissues ul li a:focus {
    background: var(--primary-blue);

    color: var(--white);

    transform: translateY(-2px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

}


/* Carousel */
#carousel-header-generic {
    position: relative;

    right: -30px;

}


.carousel-control.left,
.carousel-control.right {
    background-color: transparent !important;

    background-image: none !important;

    opacity: 0.8;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.carousel-control.left:hover,
.carousel-control.right:hover {
    opacity: 1;

    transform: scale(1.1);

}


.home-intro-box .col-md-7 {
    float: right !important;

}


/* Journal Description */
.journal-description {
    display: inline-block;

    width: 100% !important;

    margin: var(--space-lg) 0;

}


.journal-description img {
    padding: 10px;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    background: var(--white);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

}


.journal-description p {
    text-align: justify;

    font-size: 15px;

    line-height: 1.7;

}


/* User Navigation */
#navigationUser .dropdown-toggle {
    color: var(--white);

}


#navigationUser li a .badge {
    background: var(--white) !important;

    color: var(--deep-blue) !important;

    font-weight: 700;

    border-radius: 10px;

    padding: 2px 8px;

    font-size: 11px;

}


/* Footer */
footer p {
    text-align: center !important;

    margin: 0 !important;

    color: var(--medium-gray) !important;

    text-transform: capitalize;

    padding: var(--space-lg) 0;

    font-size: 14px;

}


/************************************/
/************ Responsive ************/
/************************************/

@media only screen and (min-width: 240px) and (max-width: 767px) {
    .pkp_structure_page {
        width: 100% !important;

        margin: var(--space-sm) auto;

        border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm);

    }

    
    .searchbar {
        display: none !important;

    }

    
    .social-box {
        display: none !important;

    }

    
    #carousel-header-generic {
        right: 0 !important;

    }

    
    .navbar-default .navbar-toggle .icon-bar,
    .header_view_pdf .navbar-toggle .icon-bar {
        background-color: var(--white) !important;

    }

    
    .navbar-toggle {
        border-radius: var(--border-radius) !important;

        margin: 32px 20px 20px 20px;

        border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3) !important;

    }

    
    .hometabscontainer .page-header h2 {
        width: 90% !important;

        font-size: 20px;

        padding: 16px;

    }

    
    .home-intro-box {
        padding: var(--space-lg);

        margin: 0 auto var(--space-md);

    }

    
    .container {
        padding: 0 var(--space-sm);

    }

    
    body::before {
        height: 200px;

        clip-path: polygon(0 0, 100% 0, 100% 90%, 0 100%);

    }

}


@media only screen and (min-width: 768px) {
    #nav-menu {
        display: inline-block !important;

        width: 100% !important;

        padding: 0 !important;

        position: relative;

        top: 6px;

    }

    
    .searchbar input[type="text"] {
        width: 240px !important;

    }

}


@media only screen and (min-width: 240px) and (max-width: 479px) {
    #homeTabs li {
        width: 100% !important;

        margin: 0 auto var(--space-xs);

    }

    
    #homeTabs li a {
        width: 100% !important;

        text-align: center;

        padding: 14px 20px !important;

    }

    
    #navigationUser li a {
        padding: 10px 8px !important;

        font-size: 12px;

    }

    
    .hometabscontainer {
        padding: var(--space-md);

    }

    
    .home-intro-box {
        padding: var(--space-md);

    }

    
    .home-intro-box h2 {
        font-size: 20px;

        padding: 16px;

    }

}


@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px) {
    #homeTabs li a {
        padding: 14px 24px !important;

        font-size: 12px;

    }

    
    .searchbar input[type="text"] {
        width: 180px !important;

    }

    
    .navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a,
    .header_view_pdf .navbar-nav > li > a {
        padding: 10px 16px !important;

        font-size: 12px;

        margin: 0 2px;

    }

}


@media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) {
    .container {
        padding: 0 var(--space-lg);

    }

    
    .pkp_structure_page {
        margin: var(--space-xl) auto;

    }

}


/* Print Styles */
@media print {
    .top-bar,
    .navbar-default,
    .social-box,
    .breadcrumbs-box,
    footer {
        display: none !important;

    }

    
    .pkp_structure_page {
        box-shadow: none !important;

        margin: 0 !important;

    }

    
    body::before {
        display: none;

    }

}


/* Ensure navigation text is visible and properly styled */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95) !important;

    font-weight: 600 !important;

    text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3) !important;

}


/* Make sure no CSS is hiding our text */
.navbar-nav a {
    font-size: 13px !important;

    visibility: visible !important;

    opacity: 1 !important;

}


/************************************/
/********** DROPDOWN FIXES **********/
/************************************/

/* Fix dropdown menu hover issue */
.navbar-nav > li.dropdown:hover > .dropdown-menu {
    display: block !important;

}


/* Remove the gap between menu and dropdown */
.navbar-nav > li.dropdown {
    position: relative;

}


.navbar-nav > li.dropdown > .dropdown-menu {
    margin-top: 0 !important;

    border-top: none !important;

    border-top-left-radius: 0 !important;

    border-top-right-radius: 0 !important;

}


/* Ensure dropdown stays open when hovering over it */
.navbar-nav > li.dropdown > .dropdown-menu:hover {
    display: block !important;

}


/* Make sure the dropdown has proper z-index */
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu {
    z-index: 1001 !important;

    min-width: 200px !important;

}


/* Fix for the caret alignment */
.navbar-nav > li.dropdown > a .caret {
    margin-left: 5px;

}


/* Dropdown menu item styles */
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu > li > a {
    padding: 12px 20px !important;

    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) !important;

    transition: var(--transition) !important;

    color: var(--dark-gray) !important;

    font-weight: 500 !important;

    font-size: 13px !important;

}


.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu > li > a:hover {
    background: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    transform: translateX(5px);

}


.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu > li:last-child > a {
    border-bottom: none !important;

}


/************************************/
/******* LIGHT BLUE DROPDOWN ********/
/************************************/

/* Change dropdown hover to light blue */
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu > li > a:hover {
    background: rgba(173, 216, 230, 0.3) !important;
 /* Very light blue */
    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;
 /* Keep text blue */
    transform: translateX(5px);

}


/* Optional: Make it even lighter */
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu > li > a:hover {
    background: #f0f8ff !important;
 /* AliceBlue - very light blue */
    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    border-left: 3px solid var(--primary-blue) !important;

}


/* Or if you prefer a subtle blue tint */
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu > li > a:hover {
    background: rgba(240, 248, 255, 0.9) !important;
 /* Light blue with transparency */
    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--primary-blue) !important;

}


/************************************/
/******* SIDEBAR LIGHT BLUE *********/
/************************************/

/* Sidebar panel hover effects */
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:hover,
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:focus {
    background: #f8fbff !important;
 /* Very light blue */
    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    border-left: 3px solid var(--primary-blue) !important;

    transform: translateX(3px);

}


/* Sidebar panel headers */
.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a:hover,
.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a:focus {
    background: #f8fbff !important;
 /* Very light blue */
    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    border-left: 3px solid var(--primary-blue) !important;

}


/* Make sure the sidebar items have consistent styling */
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a {
    transition: var(--transition) !important;

    border-left: 3px solid transparent !important;

    margin-left: -3px !important;

}


/* Sidebar widget titles */
.widget-title:hover,
.blockTitle:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue) 0%, var(--dark-blue) 100%) !important;

    /* Keep the original color on hover since it's a title */
}


/* Specific fix for "About the journal" and "Journal Information" sections */
.pkp_block .content ul li a:hover,
.pkp_block .content ul li a:focus {
    background: #f8fbff !important;

    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    border-left: 3px solid var(--primary-blue) !important;

    padding-left: 12px !important;

}


/* For any other sidebar links */
.sidebar .pkp_block a:hover,
.sidebar .panel a:hover {
    background: #f8fbff !important;

    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

}



/************************************/
/******* STATIC PAGE TITLE FIX *******/
/************************************/

/* Make static page blockTitle match other sidebar titles */
.blockTitle {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue) 0%, var(--dark-blue) 100%) !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    font-size: 14px !important;

    font-weight: 700 !important;

    text-transform: uppercase !important;

    letter-spacing: 0.5px !important;

    font-family: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', sans-serif !important;

    padding: 16px 20px !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius) !important;

    margin: 0 auto 24px !important;

    position: relative !important;

    overflow: hidden !important;

    display: block !important;

    text-align: left !important;

}


/* Add the orange accent line */
.blockTitle::before {
    content: "" !important;

    position: absolute !important;

    top: 0 !important;

    left: 0 !important;

    right: 0 !important;

    height: 3px !important;

    background: var(--accent-orange) !important;

}


/* Remove any default paragraph margins */
.blockTitle {
    margin-bottom: 20px !important;

}

/************************************/
/*********** TOP BAR FIX ************/
/************************************/

/* Reset top bar layout */
.top-bar {
    display: flex !important;

    justify-content: space-between !important;

    align-items: center !important;

    padding: 6px 0 !important;

    min-height: 30px !important;

}


/* Add padding to the container instead of margins to elements */
.container-fluid > .row.top-bar {
    padding-left: 20px !important;
  /* Space for ISSN on left */
    padding-right: 8px !important;
 /* Space for email on right */
}


/* Ensure elements stretch properly */
.top-bar-left {
    flex: 1 !important;

    display: flex !important;

    justify-content: flex-start !important;

    align-items: center !important;

    margin: 0 !important;

    padding: 0 !important;

}


#navigationUser {
    flex: 1 !important;

    display: flex !important;

    justify-content: flex-end !important;

    align-items: center !important;

    margin: 0 !important;

    padding: 0 !important;

}


/* Remove all individual margins */
.top-bar-left li {
    border: none !important;

    padding: 0 !important;

    margin: 0 !important;

    font-size: 13px !important;

    font-weight: 500 !important;

}


.top-bar-contact {
    border: none !important;

    padding: 0 !important;

    margin: 0 !important;

}


/* Logo spacing */
.navbar-header {
    padding-left: 15px !important;

}

/************************************/
/********* CLUSTRMAPS CONTAINER *******/
/************************************/

/* Create a container for the ClustrMaps script */
.clustrmaps-container {
    background: var(--white) !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius) !important;

    box-shadow: var(--shadow) !important;

    padding: 20px !important;

    margin: 0 auto 24px !important;

    text-align: center !important;

    border: 1px solid var(--border-color) !important;

}


/* Style the image inside the container */
.clustrmaps-container img {
    max-width: 100% !important;

    height: auto !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm) !important;

}


/* Make sure the container matches the Visitors section width */
.clustrmaps-container {
    width: 100% !important;

    display: block !important;

}

/************************************/
/******** STATIC PAGE FIX ********/
/************************************/

/************************************/
/******** PSEUDO-ELEMENT FIX ********/
/************************************/

/* Create negative space using pseudo-element */
.breadcrumbs-box::after {
    content: "" !important;

    display: block !important;

    height: 0 !important;

    margin-top: -15px !important;

    position: relative !important;

    z-index: -1 !important;

}


/* This won't affect other layout elements */
/************************************/
/******** EDITORIAL HISTORY FIX ********/
/************************************/

/* Remove the "This section lists past contributors" text */
.pkp_page_about .pkp_structure_main p:first-child,
.pkp_op_editorialHistory .pkp_structure_main p:first-child {
    display: none !important;

}


/* Or target the specific description text */
.description,
.page_description {
    display: none !important;

}

/************************************/
/******** MODERN EDITORIAL TEAM *******/
/************************************/

.modern-editorial-team {
    background: #ffffff;

    border-radius: 12px;

    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);

    padding: 40px;

    margin: 30px 0;

    border: 1px solid #e9ecef;

}


.editor-header {
    border-bottom: 3px solid #094d7e;

    padding-bottom: 15px;

    margin-bottom: 30px;

}


.editor-title {
    color: #094d7e;

    font-size: 1.75rem;

    font-weight: 700;

    margin: 0;

}


.editor-subtitle {
    color: #6c757d;

    font-size: 1.125rem;

    font-weight: 400;

}


.editor-profile {
    position: relative;

}


/* Mobile responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .modern-editorial-team {
        padding: 25px;

        margin: 20px 0;

    }

    
    .profile-img {
        float: none !important;

        display: block;

        margin: 0 auto 20px auto !important;

    }

}


/************************************/
/******** JOURNAL INFO CARDS FIX ********/
/************************************/

.journal-info-card {
    background: var(--white);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);

    padding: var(--space-xl);

    margin: var(--space-lg) 0;

    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);

}


.info-header {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);

}


.info-title {
    color: var(--primary-blue);

    font-size: 1.75rem;

    font-weight: 700;

    margin: 0 0 var(--space-sm) 0;

    font-family: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', sans-serif;

}


.accent-line {
    width: 60px;

    height: 3px;

    background: var(--accent-orange);

    border-radius: 2px;

}


.info-content {
    line-height: 1.7;

}


.lead-text {
    font-size: 1.125rem;

    color: var(--dark-gray);

    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);

    font-weight: 500;

    display: block !important;

}


.topics-grid {
    display: grid;

    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;

    gap: var(--space-lg);

    margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);

}


.modern-list {
    list-style: none;

    padding: 0;

    margin: 0;

}


/* FIXED: Remove position: absolute and use normal list styling */
.modern-list li {
    padding: 8px 0 8px 20px;

    color: var(--dark-gray);

    line-height: 1.6;

    position: relative;

}


.modern-list li:before {
    content: "•";

    color: var(--primary-blue);

    font-weight: bold;

    position: absolute;

    left: 0;

}


.peer-review-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fbff 0%, #f0f7ff 100%);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    padding: var(--space-lg);

    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-orange);

    margin-top: var(--space-lg);

}


.review-badge {
    display: inline-block;

    background: var(--primary-blue);

    color: var(--white);

    padding: 8px 16px;

    border-radius: 20px;

    font-weight: 600;

    font-size: 0.875rem;

    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);

}


.review-description {
    color: var(--dark-gray);

    margin: 0;

    font-style: italic;

    line-height: 1.6;

}


/* Responsive design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .topics-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;

        gap: var(--space-md);

    }

    
    .journal-info-card {
        padding: var(--space-lg);

    }

    
    .info-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;

    }

}

/************************************/
/******** ABOUT PAGE STYLES *********/
/************************************/

/* Modern Journal Info Section */
.journal-info-modern {
    background: var(--white);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);

    padding: var(--space-xl);

    margin: var(--space-lg) 0;

    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);

}


.journal-info-header {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);

}


.journal-info-title {
    color: var(--primary-blue);

    font-size: 1.75rem;

    font-weight: 700;

    margin: 0 0 var(--space-sm) 0;

    font-family: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', sans-serif;

}


.journal-info-accent {
    width: 60px;

    height: 3px;

    background: var(--accent-orange);

    border-radius: 2px;

}


.journal-info-content {
    line-height: 1.7;

}




/* Enhance readability of journal description */
.journal-info-lead {
    font-size: 1.25rem !important; /* increase from 1.125rem */
    line-height: 1.8 !important;   /* more breathing space */
    font-weight: 600 !important;   /* slightly bolder for emphasis */
    color: var(--dark-blue) !important; /* stronger contrast */
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;  /* slightly more spacing after paragraph */
}

/* Optional: responsive adjustment for mobile */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .journal-info-lead {
        font-size: 1.1rem !important;
        line-height: 1.6 !important;
    }
}


.journal-topics-grid {
    display: grid;

    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;

    gap: var(--space-lg);

    margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);

}


.journal-modern-list {
    list-style: none;

    padding: 0;

    margin: 0;

}


.journal-modern-list li {
    padding: 8px 0 8px 20px;

    color: var(--dark-gray);

    line-height: 1.6;

    position: relative;

}


.journal-modern-list li:before {
    content: "•";

    color: var(--primary-blue);

    font-weight: bold;

    position: absolute;

    left: 0;

}


.journal-peer-review {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fbff 0%, #f0f7ff 100%);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    padding: var(--space-lg);

    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-orange);

    margin-top: var(--space-lg);

}


.journal-review-badge {
    display: inline-block;

    background: var(--primary-blue);

    color: var(--white);

    padding: 8px 16px;

    border-radius: 20px;

    font-weight: 600;

    font-size: 0.875rem;

    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);

}


.journal-review-text {
    color: var(--dark-gray);

    margin: 0;

    font-style: italic;

    line-height: 1.6;

}


/* Responsive design for about page */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .journal-topics-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;

        gap: var(--space-md);

    }

    
    .journal-info-modern {
        padding: var(--space-lg);

    }

    
    .journal-info-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;

    }

}


/* Ensure these styles work in OJS content areas */
.pkp_structure_main .journal-info-modern,
.about_page .journal-info-modern {
    display: block !important;

    visibility: visible !important;

}

/************************************/
/******** ABOUT PAGE STYLES *********/
/************************************/

/* Force styles with higher specificity */
.pkp_structure_main div.journal-info-modern {
    background: #ffffff !important;

    border-radius: 12px !important;

    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1) !important;

    padding: 40px !important;

    margin: 30px 0 !important;

    border: 1px solid #e9ecef !important;

    display: block !important;

    visibility: visible !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main div.journal-info-header {
    margin-bottom: 30px !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main h2.journal-info-title {
    color: #094d7e !important;

    font-size: 1.75rem !important;

    font-weight: bold !important;

    margin: 0 0 15px 0 !important;

    font-family: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', sans-serif !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main div.journal-info-accent {
    width: 60px !important;

    height: 3px !important;

    background: #EE9313 !important;

    border-radius: 2px !important;

    display: block !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main p.journal-info-lead {
    font-size: 1.125rem !important;

    color: #343a40 !important;

    margin-bottom: 30px !important;

    font-weight: 500 !important;

    line-height: 1.7 !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main div.journal-topics-grid {
    display: grid !important;

    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr !important;

    gap: 30px !important;

    margin-bottom: 40px !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main ul.journal-modern-list {
    list-style: none !important;

    padding: 0 !important;

    margin: 0 !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main ul.journal-modern-list li {
    padding: 8px 0 8px 20px !important;

    color: #343a40 !important;

    line-height: 1.6 !important;

    position: relative !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main ul.journal-modern-list li:before {
    content: "•" !important;

    color: #094d7e !important;

    font-weight: bold !important;

    position: absolute !important;

    left: 0 !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main div.journal-peer-review {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fbff 0%, #f0f7ff 100%) !important;

    border-radius: 8px !important;

    padding: 25px !important;

    border-left: 4px solid #EE9313 !important;

    margin-top: 30px !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main div.journal-review-badge {
    display: inline-block !important;

    background: #094d7e !important;

    color: #ffffff !important;

    padding: 8px 16px !important;

    border-radius: 20px !important;

    font-weight: 600 !important;

    font-size: 0.875rem !important;

    margin-bottom: 15px !important;

}


.pkp_structure_main p.journal-review-text {
    color: #343a40 !important;

    margin: 0 !important;

    font-style: italic !important;

    line-height: 1.6 !important;

}


/* Mobile responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .pkp_structure_main div.journal-topics-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;

        gap: 20px !important;

    }

    
    .pkp_structure_main div.journal-info-modern {
        padding: 25px !important;

    }

    
    .pkp_structure_main h2.journal-info-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem !important;

    }

}

/* Your existing CSS above... */

/************************************/
/********* YOUR EXISTING STYLES *****/
/************************************/

/* Print Styles */
@media print {
    /* your existing print styles */
}


/* Ensure navigation text is visible */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95) !important;

}


/* ADD THE PAGE TRANSITIONS RIGHT HERE - at the very end */

/************************************/
/******** PAGE TRANSITIONS **********/
/************************************/

/* Smooth page load animation */
.pkp_structure_page {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) both;

}


@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;

        transform: translateY(20px);

    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;

        transform: translateY(0);

    }

}


/* Staggered loading for content sections */
.pkp_structure_main > * {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) both;

}


.pkp_structure_main > *:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0.1s;
 }

.pkp_structure_main > *:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.2s;
 }

.pkp_structure_main > *:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.3s;
 }

.pkp_structure_main > *:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 0.4s;
 }


/* Smooth scrolling for anchor links */
html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;

}


/* Loading state for better perceived performance */
.pkp_structure_page::before {
    content: "";

    position: fixed;

    top: 0;

    left: 0;

    width: 100%;

    height: 3px;

    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-orange), var(--primary-blue));

    transform: scaleX(0);

    transform-origin: left;

    animation: pageLoad 0.8s ease-in-out;

    z-index: 9999;

}


@keyframes pageLoad {
    0% {
        transform: scaleX(0);

    }

    50% {
        transform: scaleX(0.5);

    }

    100% {
        transform: scaleX(1);

    }

}

/************************************/
/******* MODERN HERO SECTION ********/
/************************************/

/* Enhanced Homepage Intro with modern design */
.home-intro-box {
    position: relative;

    background: linear-gradient(135deg,
        rgba(255, 224, 208, 0.95) 0%,
        rgba(255, 245, 238, 0.9) 50%,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95) 100%) !important;

    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8) !important;

    box-shadow:
        var(--shadow-lg),
        inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6),
        0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08) !important;

    margin: 0 auto var(--space-xl) !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg) !important;

    padding: var(--space-xl) !important;

    overflow: hidden;

    animation: heroEntrance 1s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) both;

}


@keyframes heroEntrance {
    from {
        opacity: 0;

        transform: translateY(30px) scale(0.98);

    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;

        transform: translateY(0) scale(1);

    }

}


/* Enhanced background effects */
.home-intro-box::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    top: -50%;

    right: -20%;

    width: 300px;

    height: 300px;

    background: radial-gradient(circle,
        rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.15) 0%,
        rgba(9, 77, 126, 0.1) 50%,
        transparent 70%);

    animation: float 8s ease-in-out infinite;

    z-index: 0;

}


.home-intro-box::after {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    bottom: -30%;

    left: -10%;

    width: 200px;

    height: 200px;

    background: radial-gradient(circle,
        rgba(255, 224, 208, 0.3) 0%,
        rgba(255, 245, 238, 0.2) 50%,
        transparent 70%);

    animation: float 6s ease-in-out infinite reverse;

    z-index: 0;

}


@keyframes float {
    0%, 100% {
        transform: translateY(0px) rotate(0deg);

    }

    50% {
        transform: translateY(-20px) rotate(180deg);

    }

}


/* Enhanced title styling */
.home-intro-box h2 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg,
        var(--primary-blue) 0%,
        var(--dark-blue) 100%) !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    padding: var(--space-lg) var(--space-xl) !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg) !important;

    font-weight: 800 !important;

    margin: 0 auto var(--space-lg) !important;

    position: relative;

    border: none !important;

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg) !important;

    transform: translateY(0);

    transition: var(--transition);

    font-size: 1.75rem !important;

    text-align: center;

    z-index: 1;

}


.home-intro-box h2:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl) !important;

}


.home-intro-box h2::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    left: 0;

    right: 0;

    height: 3px;

    background: linear-gradient(90deg,
        var(--accent-orange),
        #ffb347,
        var(--accent-orange));

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg) var(--border-radius-lg) 0 0;

}


/* Enhanced content area */
.home-intro-text {
    position: relative;

    z-index: 1;

}


.home-intro-box p {
    text-align: justify !important;

    color: var(--dark-gray) !important;

    font-size: 1.1rem !important;

    line-height: 1.8 !important;

    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg) !important;

    position: relative;

    padding: var(--space-md);

    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    backdrop-filter: blur(5px);

    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-orange);

    animation: textReveal 0.8s ease-out 0.3s both;

}


@keyframes textReveal {
    from {
        opacity: 0;

        transform: translateX(-20px);

    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;

        transform: translateX(0);

    }

}


/* Enhanced Read More button */
.home-intro-text .read-more-button {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg,
        var(--dark-gray) 0%,
        var(--dark-blue) 100%) !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    display: inline-flex !important;

    align-items: center;

    justify-content: center;

    gap: var(--space-xs);

    padding: 14px 32px !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg) !important;

    margin: var(--space-md) auto !important;

    text-decoration: none !important;

    font-weight: 700 !important;

    transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) !important;

    text-transform: uppercase;

    font-size: 0.9rem !important;

    letter-spacing: 0.5px;

    border: none;

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

    position: relative;

    overflow: hidden;

    z-index: 1;

}


.home-intro-text .read-more-button::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    left: -100%;

    width: 100%;

    height: 100%;

    background: linear-gradient(90deg,
        transparent,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2),
        transparent);

    transition: left 0.6s ease;

    z-index: -1;

}


.home-intro-text .read-more-button:hover,
.home-intro-text .read-more-button:focus {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg,
        var(--primary-blue) 0%,
        var(--dark-blue) 100%) !important;

    transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.02);

    box-shadow:
        0 12px 20px -8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3),
        0 4px 16px rgba(9, 77, 126, 0.4) !important;

    letter-spacing: 1px;

}


.home-intro-text .read-more-button:hover::before {
    left: 100%;

}


.home-intro-text .read-more-button:active {
    transform: translateY(-1px) scale(1.01);

}


/* Enhanced carousel integration */
.home-intro-box .col-md-5 {
    position: relative;

    z-index: 1;

}


#carousel-header-generic {
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);

    overflow: hidden;

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);

    transform: translateY(0);

    transition: var(--transition);

    border: 3px solid var(--white);

}


#carousel-header-generic:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);

    box-shadow:
        var(--shadow-xl),
        0 16px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);

}


/* Carousel controls enhancement */
.carousel-control {
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3) !important;

    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

    width: 50px !important;

    height: 50px !important;

    top: 50% !important;

    transform: translateY(-50%);

    border-radius: 50%;

    opacity: 0.7;

    transition: all 0.3s ease;

}


.carousel-control:hover {
    opacity: 1;

    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) !important;

    transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1.1);

}


.carousel-control.left {
    left: 20px !important;

}


.carousel-control.right {
    right: 20px !important;

}


/* Responsive enhancements */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .home-intro-box {
        padding: var(--space-lg) !important;

        margin: 0 auto var(--space-lg) !important;

    }

    
    .home-intro-box h2 {
        font-size: 1.5rem !important;

        padding: var(--space-md) !important;

    }

    
    .home-intro-box p {
        font-size: 1rem !important;

        padding: var(--space-sm);

    }

    
    .home-intro-text .read-more-button {
        padding: 12px 24px !important;

        font-size: 0.85rem !important;

    }

    
    #carousel-header-generic {
        margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);

    }

}


/* Mobile-first animation adjustments */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .home-intro-box,
    .home-intro-box h2,
    .home-intro-box p,
    .home-intro-text .read-more-button {
        animation: none !important;

        transition: none !important;

    }

}

/************************************/
/******* MODERN ARTICLE CARDS *******/
/************************************/

/* Enhanced article summaries with modern card design */
.hometabscontainer .article-summary {
    background: var(--white) !important;

    border: 1px solid var(--border-color) !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg) !important;

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm) !important;

    padding: var(--space-lg) !important;

    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg) !important;

    transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) !important;

    position: relative;

    overflow: hidden;

}


.hometabscontainer .article-summary::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    left: -100%;

    width: 100%;

    height: 100%;

    background: linear-gradient(90deg,
        transparent,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4),
        transparent);

    transition: left 0.6s ease;

    z-index: 1;

}


.hometabscontainer .article-summary:hover {
    background: var(--white) !important;

    border-color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    box-shadow:
        var(--shadow-lg),
        0 8px 25px rgba(9, 77, 126, 0.15) !important;

    transform: translateY(-5px) scale(1.01) !important;

    margin: 0 0 var(--space-lg) 0 !important;

    padding: var(--space-lg) !important;

}


.hometabscontainer .article-summary:hover::before {
    left: 100%;

}


/* Enhanced article titles */
.hometabscontainer .media-heading {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm) !important;

}


.hometabscontainer .media-heading a {
    color: var(--dark-blue) !important;

    font-size: 1.25rem !important;

    font-weight: 700 !important;

    line-height: 1.4 !important;

    text-decoration: none !important;

    transition: var(--transition) !important;

    display: block;

    position: relative;

    padding-right: var(--space-lg);

}


.hometabscontainer .media-heading a::after {
    content: "→";

    position: absolute;

    right: 0;

    top: 50%;

    transform: translateY(-50%);

    color: var(--accent-orange);

    font-weight: 700;

    opacity: 0;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.hometabscontainer .media-heading a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    transform: translateX(8px) !important;

}


.hometabscontainer .media-heading a:hover::after {
    opacity: 1;

    transform: translateY(-50%) translateX(4px);

}


/* Enhanced author information */
.hometabscontainer .authors {
    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    font-weight: 600 !important;

    font-size: 0.9rem !important;

    margin-bottom: var(--space-xs) !important;

    display: flex;

    align-items: center;

    gap: var(--space-xs);

}


.hometabscontainer .authors::before {
    content: "👤";

    font-size: 0.8rem;

    opacity: 0.7;

}


/* Enhanced publication date */
.hometabscontainer .article-summary .date {
    color: var(--medium-gray) !important;

    font-size: 0.85rem !important;

    font-weight: 500 !important;

    display: flex;

    align-items: center;

    gap: var(--space-xs);

    margin-bottom: var(--space-md) !important;

}


.hometabscontainer .article-summary .date::before {
    content: "📅";

    font-size: 0.8rem;

    opacity: 0.7;

}


/* Enhanced article abstracts */
.hometabscontainer .article-summary p {
    color: var(--dark-gray) !important;

    font-size: 0.95rem !important;

    line-height: 1.6 !important;

    margin-bottom: var(--space-md) !important;

    display: -webkit-box;

    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;

    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;

    overflow: hidden;

    position: relative;

}


/* Read more link enhancement */
.hometabscontainer .article-summary .read-more {
    display: inline-flex;

    align-items: center;

    gap: var(--space-xs);

    color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    font-weight: 600 !important;

    font-size: 0.9rem !important;

    text-decoration: none !important;

    transition: var(--transition) !important;

    padding: 8px 16px;

    border: 2px solid var(--primary-blue);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius);

    background: transparent;

}


.hometabscontainer .article-summary .read-more:hover {
    background: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    transform: translateY(-2px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow);

}


.hometabscontainer .article-summary .read-more::after {
    content: "→";

    transition: transform 0.3s ease;

}


.hometabscontainer .article-summary .read-more:hover::after {
    transform: translateX(3px);

}


/* Article metadata row */
.article-meta {
    display: flex;

    align-items: center;

    gap: var(--space-md);

    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm) !important;

    flex-wrap: wrap;

}


/* DOI and citation styles */
.article-doi, .article-citation {
    display: inline-flex;

    align-items: center;

    gap: var(--space-xs);

    font-size: 0.8rem !important;

    color: var(--medium-gray) !important;

    padding: 4px 8px;

    background: var(--light-gray);

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm);

    text-decoration: none !important;

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.article-doi:hover, .article-citation:hover {
    background: var(--primary-blue) !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    transform: translateY(-1px);

}


/* Keywords/tags */
.article-keywords {
    display: flex;

    flex-wrap: wrap;

    gap: var(--space-xs);

    margin-top: var(--space-sm) !important;

}


.keyword-tag {
    display: inline-block;

    padding: 4px 12px;

    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--light-cream), #fff5ee);

    color: var(--dark-gray) !important;

    font-size: 0.75rem !important;

    font-weight: 500;

    border-radius: 20px;

    border: 1px solid rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.2);

    transition: var(--transition);

}


.keyword-tag:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-orange), #ff6b35);

    color: var(--white) !important;

    transform: translateY(-1px);

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);

}


/* Current issue title enhancement */
.hometabscontainer .current_issue_title {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue), var(--dark-blue)) !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg) !important;

    padding: var(--space-lg) !important;

    margin-bottom: var(--space-xl) !important;

    text-align: center;

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);

    position: relative;

    overflow: hidden;

}


.hometabscontainer .current_issue_title::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    left: 0;

    right: 0;

    height: 3px;

    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-orange), #ffb347, var(--accent-orange));

}


.hometabscontainer .published {
    color: var(--light-cream) !important;

    font-weight: 500 !important;

    font-size: 0.95rem !important;

    margin-top: var(--space-xs) !important;

    opacity: 0.9;

}


/* Section headers enhancement */
.hometabscontainer .page-header {
    border: none !important;

    margin-bottom: var(--space-xl) !important;

    padding: 0 !important;

}


.hometabscontainer .page-header h2 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue), var(--dark-blue)) !important;

    color: var(--white) !important;

    padding: var(--space-lg) var(--space-xl) !important;

    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg) !important;

    font-size: 1.5rem !important;

    font-weight: 700 !important;

    text-transform: uppercase;

    letter-spacing: 0.5px;

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);

    position: relative;

    overflow: hidden;

}


.hometabscontainer .page-header h2::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    left: 0;

    right: 0;

    height: 3px;

    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-orange), #ffb347, var(--accent-orange));

}


.hometabscontainer .page-header h2 small {
    color: var(--light-cream) !important;

    font-weight: 500 !important;

    font-size: 0.9rem !important;

    margin-top: var(--space-xs) !important;

    display: block;

    opacity: 0.9;

}


/* Responsive design for article cards */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hometabscontainer .article-summary {
        padding: var(--space-md) !important;

        margin-bottom: var(--space-md) !important;

    }

    
    .hometabscontainer .article-summary:hover {
        padding: var(--space-md) !important;

        transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.01) !important;

    }

    
    .hometabscontainer .media-heading a {
        font-size: 1.1rem !important;

        padding-right: var(--space-md);

    }

    
    .article-meta {
        gap: var(--space-sm);

    }

    
    .hometabscontainer .page-header h2 {
        padding: var(--space-md) !important;

        font-size: 1.3rem !important;

    }

}


/* Animation for card entrance */
@keyframes cardEntrance {
    from {
        opacity: 0;

        transform: translateY(20px) scale(0.95);

    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;

        transform: translateY(0) scale(1);

    }

}


/* Apply entrance animation to articles */
.hometabscontainer .article-summary {
    animation: cardEntrance 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) both;

}


/* Stagger the animations */
.hometabscontainer .article-summary:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0.1s;
 }

.hometabscontainer .article-summary:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.2s;
 }

.hometabscontainer .article-summary:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.3s;
 }

.hometabscontainer .article-summary:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 0.4s;
 }

.hometabscontainer .article-summary:nth-child(5) { animation-delay: 0.5s;
 }

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 1 — Sticky Modern Navbar
************************************/
#headerNavigationContainer {
    position: sticky !important;

    top: 0;

    z-index: 9999;

    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

    background: rgba(1, 26, 56, 0.9) !important;
 /* dark blue glassy background */
    transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out;

    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);

}


/* Subtle shrink on scroll */
body.scrolled #headerNavigationContainer {
    padding-top: 4px !important;

    padding-bottom: 4px !important;

    background: rgba(1, 26, 56, 0.97) !important;

    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);

    transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;

}


/* Script hook — works automatically if OJS header uses “scrolled” body class */
/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 2 — Scroll-to-Top Button
************************************/

/* Base button (hidden by default) */
#scrollTopBtn {
    position: fixed;

    bottom: 32px;

    right: 32px;

    width: 48px;

    height: 48px;

    border-radius: 50%;

    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue), var(--dark-blue));

    color: var(--white);

    border: none;

    outline: none;

    cursor: pointer;

    display: flex;

    align-items: center;

    justify-content: center;

    font-size: 20px;

    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);

    opacity: 0;

    visibility: hidden;

    transform: translateY(20px);

    transition: all 0.4s ease;

    z-index: 9999;

}


/* Visible state when user scrolls down */
#scrollTopBtn.show {
    opacity: 1;

    visibility: visible;

    transform: translateY(0);

}


/* Hover effect */
#scrollTopBtn:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-orange), #ff6b35);

    transform: translateY(-3px);

    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.3);

}


/* Icon motion */
#scrollTopBtn i {
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;

}

#scrollTopBtn:hover i {
    transform: translateY(-3px);

}


/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    #scrollTopBtn {
        width: 40px;

        height: 40px;

        bottom: 24px;

        right: 24px;

        font-size: 18px;

    }

}


/************************************
  MODERN HEADER SEARCH — FIXED SIZE
************************************/
.modern-search-form {
  display: flex;

  align-items: center;

  justify-content: flex-end;

  gap: 0;

}


.modern-search-form input[type="text"] {
  height: 40px;

  width: 220px;

  border: none;

  border-radius: 6px 0 0 6px;

  padding: 0 14px;

  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);

  color: #fff;

  font-size: 14px;

  transition: all 0.3s ease;

}


.modern-search-form input[type="text"]::placeholder {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);

}


.modern-search-form input[type="text"]:focus {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);

  outline: none;

}


/* New orange button */
.modern-search-btn {
  height: 40px;

  width: 46px;

  border: none;

  border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0;

  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-orange), #ff8f33);

  color: #fff;

  cursor: pointer;

  display: flex;

  align-items: center;

  justify-content: center;

  transition: all 0.3s ease;

  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);

}


.modern-search-btn:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #d98212, var(--accent-orange));

  transform: translateY(-1px);

}


/* Responsive tweak */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .modern-search-form input[type="text"] {
    width: 160px;

  }

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 4 — GLASSY HOVER ANIMATION
************************************/
.modern-search-btn {
  position: relative;

  overflow: hidden;

}


.modern-search-btn::before {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  top: 0;

  left: -100%;

  width: 100%;

  height: 100%;

  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);

  transform: skewX(-20deg);

  transition: left 0.5s ease;

  z-index: 0;

}


.modern-search-btn:hover::before {
  left: 150%;

}


.modern-search-btn i {
  position: relative;

  z-index: 1;

  transition: color 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;

}


.modern-search-btn:hover i {
  color: var(--primary-blue);

  transform: scale(1.15);

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 5 — SMART EXPANSION + GLASSY SOCIALS
************************************/

/* === SMART EXPANDING SEARCH INPUT === */
.modern-search-form {
  transition: all 0.3s ease;

}


.modern-search-form input[type="text"] {
  width: 200px;

  transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);

}


.modern-search-form:hover input[type="text"],
.modern-search-form input[type="text"]:focus {
  width: 260px;

  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);

  box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);

}


/* === GLASSY SOCIAL BUTTONS === */
.social-box ul li a {
  position: relative;

  overflow: hidden;

  transition: all 0.4s ease;

  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);

  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);

  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);

}


/* Light shimmer effect */
.social-box ul li a::before {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  top: 0;

  left: -100%;

  width: 100%;

  height: 100%;

  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);

  transform: skewX(-20deg);

  transition: left 0.5s ease;

  z-index: 0;

}


.social-box ul li a:hover::before {
  left: 150%;

}


/* Icon animation */
.social-box ul li a .fa {
  position: relative;

  z-index: 1;

  transition: transform 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;

}


.social-box ul li a:hover .fa {
  transform: scale(1.25) rotate(6deg);

  color: #fff;

}


/* Subtle lift on hover */
.social-box ul li a:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);

  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);

}


/* Match Metanano theme */
.social-box ul li:nth-child(1) a:hover { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f5a623, #ff8f33) !important;
 }

.social-box ul li:nth-child(2) a:hover { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1da1f2, #007bb5) !important;
 }

.social-box ul li:nth-child(3) a:hover { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #3b5998, #23355b) !important;
 }

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 6 — MODERN FLOATING SIDEBAR BUTTONS
************************************/

/* === Sidebar Container Enhancements === */
.magic-sidebar .panel {
  border: none !important;

  border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);

  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);

  box-shadow: 0 6px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);

  transition: all 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);

  overflow: hidden;

  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

}


.magic-sidebar .panel:hover {
  transform: translateY(-5px);

  box-shadow: 0 12px 25px rgba(9, 77, 126, 0.15);

}


/* === Panel Titles === */
.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a {
  display: flex !important;

  align-items: center;

  gap: 10px;

  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue), var(--dark-blue)) !important;

  color: #fff !important;

  font-weight: 700;

  text-transform: uppercase;

  font-size: 13px;

  padding: 14px 20px;

  border-radius: var(--border-radius);

  transition: all 0.3s ease;

  box-shadow: inset 0 -3px 0 var(--accent-orange);

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-orange), #ff6b35) !important;

  transform: translateY(-2px);

  box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.25);

}


/* Icon animation */
.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a .fa {
  font-size: 14px;

  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);

  transition: transform 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-heading .panel-title a:hover .fa {
  transform: rotate(12deg) scale(1.2);

  color: #fff;

}


/* === Sidebar Links === */
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a {
  position: relative;

  display: flex;

  align-items: center;

  gap: 10px;

  color: var(--dark-gray);

  background: rgba(248, 251, 255, 0.7);

  border: 1px solid rgba(9,77,126,0.1);

  padding: 10px 16px;

  border-radius: var(--border-radius);

  margin-bottom: 8px;

  font-weight: 600;

  transition: all 0.3s ease;

  overflow: hidden;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue), var(--dark-blue));

  color: #fff !important;

  border-color: transparent;

  transform: translateX(4px);

  box-shadow: 0 6px 14px rgba(9,77,126,0.25);

}


/* Light shimmer effect on hover */
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a::before {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  top: 0;

  left: -100%;

  width: 100%;

  height: 100%;

  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.2);

  transform: skewX(-20deg);

  transition: left 0.5s ease;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:hover::before {
  left: 150%;

}


/* Sidebar icons */
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a .fa {
  color: var(--primary-blue);

  transition: transform 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:hover .fa {
  color: var(--white);

  transform: scale(1.2) rotate(8deg);

}


/* === Submission Button Emphasis === */
.block_make_submission_link {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-orange), #ff6b35) !important;

  color: #fff !important;

  font-weight: 700 !important;

  letter-spacing: 0.5px;

  border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg) !important;

  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(238,147,19,0.25);

  transition: all 0.3s ease;

}


.block_make_submission_link:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff9830, #e55a2a) !important;

  transform: translateY(-3px);

  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(238,147,19,0.35);

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 7 — ACTIVE SMART SIDEBAR
************************************/

/* Active sidebar link */
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li.active a,
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a.active,
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li.current a {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue), var(--dark-blue)) !important;

  color: #fff !important;

  box-shadow: 0 6px 14px rgba(9,77,126,0.25);

  border: none !important;

  transform: translateX(4px);

  position: relative;

}


/* Add glowing accent on the left edge */
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li.active a::before,
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a.active::before,
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li.current a::before {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  left: 0;

  top: 0;

  width: 4px;

  height: 100%;

  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--accent-orange), #ffb347);

  border-radius: 0 2px 2px 0;

  box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(238,147,19,0.6);

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 8 — MODERN ANIMATED FOOTER
************************************/

footer {
  position: relative;

  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--deep-blue), var(--dark-blue));

  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8) !important;

  text-align: center;

  padding: 60px 20px;

  overflow: hidden;

  border-top: 3px solid var(--accent-orange);

  box-shadow: 0 -6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);

}


/* Moving gradient overlay */
footer::before {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  top: 0;

  left: -50%;

  width: 200%;

  height: 100%;

  background: linear-gradient(120deg,
      rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 0%,
      rgba(238,147,19,0.08) 50%,
      rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 100%);

  animation: footerWave 10s linear infinite;

}


@keyframes footerWave {
  from { transform: translateX(0);
 }

  to { transform: translateX(50%);
 }

}


/* Floating icons in the footer */
footer .footer-icons {
  display: flex;

  justify-content: center;

  gap: 20px;

  margin-top: 20px;

}


footer .footer-icons a {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);

  font-size: 22px;

  transition: all 0.3s ease;

  position: relative;

}


footer .footer-icons a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-orange);

  transform: translateY(-3px);

  text-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(238,147,19,0.6);

}


/* Footer text */
footer p {
  font-size: 14px !important;

  margin: 10px 0 0;

  letter-spacing: 0.3px;

  opacity: 0.9;

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 9 — HERO PARALLAX EFFECT
************************************/

.home-intro-box {
  position: relative;

  background-attachment: fixed;

  background-position: center;

  background-size: cover;

  background-image: linear-gradient(135deg,
      rgba(255,224,208,0.95) 0%,
      rgba(255,245,238,0.9) 50%,
      rgba(255,255,255,0.95) 100%);

  overflow: hidden;

}


/* Floating decorative circles for depth */
.home-intro-box::before,
.home-intro-box::after {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  border-radius: 50%;

  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(9,77,126,0.1), transparent 70%);

  animation: floatParallax 12s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

  z-index: 0;

}


.home-intro-box::before {
  width: 250px;

  height: 250px;

  top: -80px;

  left: -60px;

}


.home-intro-box::after {
  width: 300px;

  height: 300px;

  bottom: -100px;

  right: -80px;

  animation-delay: 4s;

}


@keyframes floatParallax {
  0% { transform: translateY(0px) scale(1);
 opacity: 0.6;
 }

  100% { transform: translateY(-30px) scale(1.1);
 opacity: 0.8;
 }

}


/* Subtle content fade on scroll */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .home-intro-box h2, .home-intro-box p, .home-intro-text .read-more-button {
    transition: transform 0.6s ease, opacity 0.6s ease;

  }


  body.scrolled .home-intro-box h2 {
    transform: translateY(-10px);

    opacity: 0.9;

  }


  body.scrolled .home-intro-box p {
    transform: translateY(-6px);

    opacity: 0.9;

  }

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 10 — Floating Submit Paper Button
************************************/
#submitPaperBtn {
  position: fixed;

  right: 28px;

  bottom: 100px;

  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-orange), #ff6b35);

  color: #fff;

  font-weight: 700;

  text-transform: uppercase;

  font-size: 13px;

  letter-spacing: 0.5px;

  padding: 14px 22px;

  border-radius: 50px;

  border: none;

  cursor: pointer;

  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(238,147,19,0.3);

  transition: all 0.35s ease;

  z-index: 9999;

  opacity: 0;

  visibility: hidden;

  transform: translateY(20px);

}

#submitPaperBtn.show {
  opacity: 1;

  visibility: visible;

  transform: translateY(0);

}

#submitPaperBtn:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff9830, #e55a2a);

  transform: translateY(-3px);

  box-shadow: 0 12px 25px rgba(238,147,19,0.4);

}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width:768px){
  #submitPaperBtn{bottom:80px;
right:20px;
padding:12px 18px;
font-size:12px;
}

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 11 — Animated Latest Articles
************************************/
.hometabscontainer .article-summary {
  transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out !important;

  border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);

  overflow: hidden;

  position: relative;

}

.hometabscontainer .article-summary:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(9,77,126,0.15);

  transform: translateY(-6px);

}

.hometabscontainer .article-summary .read-more {
  opacity: 0;

  transform: translateY(10px);

  transition: all 0.4s ease;

}

.hometabscontainer .article-summary:hover .read-more {
  opacity: 1;

  transform: translateY(0);

}

.hometabscontainer .article-summary p {
  transition: color 0.3s ease;

}

.hometabscontainer .article-summary:hover p {
  color: var(--dark-gray);

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 12 — Glassy Floating Navbar
************************************/
#headerNavigationContainer {
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);

  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);

  background: rgba(1,26,56,0.85)!important;

  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);

  transition: all 0.4s ease;

}

body.scrolled #headerNavigationContainer {
  background: rgba(1,26,56,0.95)!important;

  box-shadow: 0 4px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 13 — Animated Page Header + Breadcrumb
************************************/
.page h1, .page h2:first-of-type {
  position: relative;

  background: linear-gradient(135deg,var(--primary-blue),var(--dark-blue));

  color:#fff!important;

  padding:20px 30px;

  border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);

  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);

  overflow:hidden;

  margin-bottom:var(--space-md);

  animation: fadeInDown 0.6s ease-out both;

}

.page h1::before, .page h2:first-of-type::before {
  content:"";

  position:absolute;

  top:0;
left:0;
right:0;
height:3px;

  background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--accent-orange),#ffb347,var(--accent-orange));

}

@keyframes fadeInDown {
  from{opacity:0;
transform:translateY(-20px);
}

  to{opacity:1;
transform:translateY(0);
}

}

/* Breadcrumb glow */
.breadcrumbs-box {
  animation: fadeInUp 0.6s ease-out both;

  border-bottom:2px solid var(--accent-orange);

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 14 — Animated Page Loader + Fade-In Transition
************************************/

/* === Global fade on new page load === */
body {
  opacity: 0;

  transition: opacity 0.6s ease;

}

body.loaded {
  opacity: 1;

}


/* === Top progress bar === */
#pageProgressBar {
  position: fixed;

  top: 0;

  left: 0;

  width: 0%;

  height: 3px;

  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-orange), var(--primary-blue));

  z-index: 99999;

  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);

  transition: width 0.4s ease;

}


/* === Optional subtle glow === */
#pageProgressBar::after {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  top: 0;

  left: 0;

  width: 100%;

  height: 100%;

  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255,255,255,0.3), transparent 70%);

  opacity: 0.5;

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 16 — Journal Metrics Section
************************************/
.journal-metrics {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fbff, #eef4ff);

  border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);

  padding: var(--space-xl);

  margin: var(--space-xl) auto;

  text-align: center;

  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(9,77,126,0.1);

  overflow: hidden;

  animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease both;

}


.metrics-title {
  font-size: 1.75rem;

  font-weight: 800;

  color: var(--primary-blue);

  text-transform: uppercase;

  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);

  letter-spacing: 0.5px;

}


.metrics-grid {
  display: grid;

  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(180px, 1fr));

  gap: var(--space-lg);

}


.metric-card {
  background: var(--white);

  border-radius: var(--border-radius);

  padding: var(--space-md);

  box-shadow: var(--shadow);

  transition: all 0.4s ease;

  position: relative;

  overflow: hidden;

}


.metric-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-6px);

  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(9,77,126,0.15);

}


.metric-card::before {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  top: 0;
 left: -100%;

  width: 100%;
 height: 100%;

  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.2);

  transform: skewX(-20deg);

  transition: left 0.6s ease;

}

.metric-card:hover::before {
  left: 150%;

}


.metric-value {
  font-size: 2.5rem;

  font-weight: 800;

  color: var(--primary-blue);

  margin-bottom: var(--space-xs);

  line-height: 1;

}


.metric-label {
  font-size: 0.95rem;

  color: var(--medium-gray);

  font-weight: 500;

  text-transform: uppercase;

  letter-spacing: 0.5px;

}

/************************************
  FLOATING SUBMIT PAPER BUTTON
************************************/
#submitPaperBtn {
  position: fixed;

  bottom: 100px;

  right: 32px;

  width: 56px;

  height: 56px;

  border-radius: 50%;

  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-orange), #ff6b35);

  color: #fff;

  border: none;

  outline: none;

  cursor: pointer;

  display: flex;

  align-items: center;

  justify-content: center;

  font-size: 22px;

  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(238,147,19,0.3);

  opacity: 0;

  visibility: hidden;

  transform: translateY(20px);

  transition: all 0.4s ease;

  z-index: 9999;

  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

}


/* Show the button when scrolled */
#submitPaperBtn.show {
  opacity: 1;

  visibility: visible;

  transform: translateY(0);

}


/* Hover effect */
#submitPaperBtn:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff8f33, var(--accent-orange));

  transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.05);

  box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(238,147,19,0.4);

}


/* Icon animation */
#submitPaperBtn i {
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;

}

#submitPaperBtn:hover i {
  transform: rotate(8deg) scale(1.1);

}


/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  #submitPaperBtn {
    width: 48px;

    height: 48px;

    font-size: 18px;

    bottom: 80px;

    right: 20px;

  }

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 17 — Gentle Pulse on "Submit Paper" Button
************************************/
#submitPaperBtn.show {
  animation: pulseOnce 2s ease-out 0.3s 1;
 /* One-time pulse when appearing */
}


@keyframes pulseOnce {
  0% {
    transform: scale(1);

    box-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(238,147,19,0.4);

  }

  50% {
    transform: scale(1.12);

    box-shadow: 0 0 25px rgba(238,147,19,0.45);

  }

  100% {
    transform: scale(1);

    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(238,147,19,0.3);

  }

}

/************************************
  FIX — Sidebar Submenu Hover Contrast
************************************/
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:hover,
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:focus {
  background: #f8fbff !important;
 /* very light blue */
  color: var(--primary-blue) !important;
 /* make text readable */
  border-left: 3px solid var(--primary-blue) !important;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:hover .fa,
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:focus .fa {
  color: var(--primary-blue) !important;
 /* ensure icons match text color */
}


/* If any links turn fully white due to specificity */
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:hover *,
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a:focus * {
  color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

}

/************************************
  FIX — Darker Footer + Brighter Social Icons
************************************/
footer {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #000b1d, #00132e) !important;
 /* darker navy gradient */
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85) !important;

  border-top: 3px solid var(--accent-orange);

  box-shadow: 0 -8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);

}


/* Make social icons brighter and more visible */
footer .footer-icons a {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95) !important;

  font-size: 24px !important;

  transition: all 0.3s ease;

  text-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);

}


footer .footer-icons a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-orange) !important;

  transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.1);

  text-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.6);

}


/* Footer text readability */
footer p {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85) !important;

  font-size: 15px !important;

  letter-spacing: 0.4px;

}

/************************************
  FINAL — Enhanced Dark Footer for MNP
************************************/
footer {
  background: radial-gradient(circle at top center, #000c1f 0%, #000819 100%) !important;

  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.88) !important;

  border-top: 3px solid var(--accent-orange);

  box-shadow: 0 -8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);

  position: relative;

  overflow: hidden;

}


/* Soft moving light for subtle motion */
footer::before {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  top: 0;
 left: -100%;

  width: 200%;
 height: 100%;

  background: linear-gradient(120deg,
      rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 0%,
      rgba(238,147,19,0.1) 50%,
      rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 100%);

  animation: footerWave 15s linear infinite;

  pointer-events: none;

  z-index: 0;

}


@keyframes footerWave {
  from { transform: translateX(0);
 }

  to { transform: translateX(50%);
 }

}


/* Icons */
footer .footer-icons {
  position: relative;

  z-index: 1;

  display: flex;

  justify-content: center;

  gap: 24px;

  margin: 25px 0 15px 0;

}


footer .footer-icons a {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.95) !important;

  font-size: 26px !important;

  transition: all 0.3s ease;

  text-shadow: 0 0 6px rgba(255,255,255,0.2);

}


footer .footer-icons a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-orange) !important;

  transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.15);

  text-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(238,147,19,0.6);

}


/* Footer Text */
footer p {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85) !important;

  font-size: 15px !important;

  letter-spacing: 0.3px;

  position: relative;

  z-index: 1;

}

/************************************
  OPTIONAL — Icon Glow Accent on Hover
************************************/
footer .footer-icons a {
  position: relative;

}


footer .footer-icons a::after {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  bottom: -4px;

  left: 50%;

  transform: translateX(-50%) scaleX(0);

  width: 24px;

  height: 2px;

  background: var(--accent-orange);

  border-radius: 2px;

  transition: transform 0.3s ease;

  opacity: 0.8;

}


footer .footer-icons a:hover::after {
  transform: translateX(-50%) scaleX(1);

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 17 — ACTIVE SECTION HIGHLIGHT
************************************/

/* === NAVBAR ACTIVE STATE === */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a:focus,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-orange), #ff6b35) !important;

  color: #fff !important;

  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(238,147,19,0.3);

  transform: translateY(-2px);

  border-radius: var(--border-radius);

}


/* Glowing underline accent */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a::after {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  bottom: 6px;

  left: 50%;

  width: 40%;

  height: 2px;

  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-orange), #ffb347);

  transform: translateX(-50%);

  border-radius: 2px;

  box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(238,147,19,0.4);

}


/* === SIDEBAR ACTIVE PANEL === */
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a.active,
.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li.current a {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-orange), #ff6b35) !important;

  color: #fff !important;

  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(238,147,19,0.3);

  transform: translateX(4px);

  border-left: 4px solid var(--white);

  position: relative;

}


.magic-sidebar .panel-body ul li a.active::before {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  top: 0;

  left: 0;

  width: 4px;

  height: 100%;

  background: var(--white);

  border-radius: 0 2px 2px 0;

  box-shadow: 0 0 6px rgba(255,255,255,0.6);

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 18 — BREADCRUMB & CONTEXT GLOW
************************************/

/* === Breadcrumb Bar Enhancement === */
.breadcrumbs-box {
  position: relative;

  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--light-blue, #f8fbff), #eef4ff);

  border-bottom: 3px solid var(--accent-orange);

  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(9, 77, 126, 0.1);

  transition: all 0.4s ease;

}


.breadcrumbs-box:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fdf8f3, #fff);

  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.15);

  transform: translateY(-1px);

}


/* === Animated Accent Line === */
.breadcrumbs-box::before {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  bottom: 0;

  left: -50%;

  width: 200%;

  height: 3px;

  background: linear-gradient(90deg,
      rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.8),
      rgba(9, 77, 126, 0.8),
      rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.8));

  animation: breadcrumbGlow 6s linear infinite;

}


@keyframes breadcrumbGlow {
  0% { transform: translateX(0);
 }

  100% { transform: translateX(50%);
 }

}


/* === Breadcrumb Text Hover === */
.breadcrumbs-box a {
  color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

  font-weight: 600;

  transition: all 0.3s ease;

}


.breadcrumbs-box a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-orange) !important;

  text-shadow: 0 0 6px rgba(238,147,19,0.3);

  transform: translateX(3px);

}


/* === Page Title Accent (for static pages, about, etc.) === */
.page h1,
.page h2:first-of-type {
  position: relative;

  overflow: hidden;

}


.page h1::after,
.page h2:first-of-type::after {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  bottom: 0;

  left: -50%;

  width: 200%;

  height: 3px;

  background: linear-gradient(90deg,
      rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.9),
      rgba(9, 77, 126, 0.9),
      rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.9));

  animation: breadcrumbGlow 8s linear infinite;

  opacity: 0.8;

}

/************************************
  IMPROVEMENT 19 — ADVANCED HEADER MENU
************************************/

/* === Main Navigation Hover Bar === */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
  position: relative;

  overflow: hidden;

  z-index: 1;

}


.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a::after {
  content: "";

  position: absolute;

  bottom: 6px;

  left: 50%;

  width: 0;

  height: 3px;

  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-orange), var(--primary-blue));

  border-radius: 3px;

  transition: all 0.4s ease;

  transform: translateX(-50%);

}


.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:hover::after,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li.active > a::after,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li.current > a::after {
  width: 60%;

}


/* === Glow Effect on Hover === */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12) !important;

  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(238, 147, 19, 0.3);

  transform: translateY(-2px);

  transition: all 0.3s ease;

}


/* === Subtle Icon Animation === */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a .fa {
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;

}

.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:hover .fa {
  transform: rotate(8deg) scale(1.2);

  color: var(--accent-orange);

}


/* === Active Menu Highlight === */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li.active > a,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li.current > a {
  color: var(--accent-orange) !important;

  text-shadow: 0 0 6px rgba(238,147,19,0.4);

}


/* === Dropdown Menu Enhancement === */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li.dropdown:hover > .dropdown-menu {
  display: block !important;

  animation: dropdownSlide 0.4s ease both;

  transform-origin: top center;

  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);

  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.96) !important;

  border: 1px solid rgba(9, 77, 126, 0.1);

  border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);

}


@keyframes dropdownSlide {
  0% {
    opacity: 0;

    transform: translateY(-10px) scale(0.98);

  }

  100% {
    opacity: 1;

    transform: translateY(0) scale(1);

  }

}


/* === Dropdown Link Hover === */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li ul li a:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--light-blue, #f8fbff), #eef4ff) !important;

  color: var(--primary-blue) !important;

  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-orange) !important;

  transform: translateX(5px);

}


/* === Responsive Tweak === */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
    text-align: left;

    padding: 12px 20px !important;

  }

  .navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a::after {
    display: none;

  }

}

/* Reduce empty space around the intro section */
.home-intro-box {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding-top: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

/* optional: remove any grid offset spacing */
.home-intro-box .col-xs-12 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding-top: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}
/* === Tighten the homepage intro box === */
.home-intro-box {
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
    padding-top: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
}

/* Remove any row gap within Bootstrap columns */
.home-intro-box [class*="col-"] {
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
    padding-top: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
}

/* Reduce spacing inside the text column */
.home-intro-text h2 {
    margin-top: 0 !important;
}
.home-intro-text p {
    margin-top: 5px !important;
    margin-bottom: 5px !important;
}
/* Reduce space before Journal Metrics section */
.home-intro-box {
    margin-bottom: 0px !important; /* reduce bottom gap */
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.journal-metrics {
    margin-top: 10px !important; /* was likely 40–60px by default */
    padding-top: 0 !important;
}
/* --- Align the "Publish with global reach..." sidebar block --- */

/* Move up the "Publish with global reach..." box */
.hometabscontainer {
    margin-top: -35px !important; /* lift upward; adjust -100px or -120px as needed */
}

/* Prevent overlapping of following sections */
.journal-metrics {
    margin-top: 40px !important;
}
/* Ensure the homepage hero image is fully responsive */
.home-intro-box img,
#carousel-header-generic img {
  display: block !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
  height: auto !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  border-radius: 8px;
  object-fit: cover; /* keeps proportions while filling space */
}
/* ================================
   Increase font size for journal description
   Specifically for Focus & Scope page
   ================================ */
body .journal-info-lead {
    font-size: 1.5rem !important;      /* bigger text */
    line-height: 1.8 !important;       /* more spacing between lines */
    font-weight: 600 !important;       /* slightly bolder */
    color: var(--dark-blue) !important;/* stronger contrast */
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;  /* spacing below paragraph */
}

/* Responsive adjustment for tablets & mobiles */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    body .journal-info-lead {
        font-size: 1.25rem !important;
        line-height: 1.6 !important;
    }
}


/* ================================
   Target the journal-info-lead class specifically within Focus & Scope page
   ================================ */
#main-content .journal-info-lead {
    font-size: 1.5rem !important;       /* Increase font size */
    line-height: 1.8 !important;        /* Add line height for readability */
    font-weight: 600 !important;        /* Bold text */
    color: var(--dark-blue) !important; /* Set text color */
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;   /* Space below paragraph */
}

/* Mobile responsiveness */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    #main-content .journal-info-lead {
        font-size: 1.25rem !important;   /* Slightly smaller on mobile */
        line-height: 1.6 !important;     /* Adjust line height for mobile */
    }
}
.journal-info-lead {
    display: block !important; /* Ensure the paragraph is shown */
    visibility: visible !important;
    color: #333 !important; /* Make sure the text is visible */
    font-size: 1.25rem !important; /* Optional: Increase font size for visibility */
}